Heavy equipment machinery

Wheel loaders, excavators and haul trucks are the primary movers of material from the pit face to the plant at aggregate operations. Short loading cycle times and proper loader-truck and truck-crusher size matching are critical to maximizing their efficiency. But haul speed also significantly impacts productivity.

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Support equipment, therefore - such as motor graders to keep haul roads smooth and well drained - can be important production tools. In a 1996 article in Rock Products ("Tips for turning haulers into money-makers," March 1996, page 50), Caterpillar’s Don Stretch listed the benefits of a good haul road:

- lower repair costs;

- better tire life;

- more up-time;

- more efficient operators; and

- safer operating environment.

Rough haul roads create high rolling resistance and force operators to slow down. Decreasing average haul speed by as little as 11/42 mph could cost an operation 50,000 tpy in lost production, according to Stretch.

In addition, proper grading of haul road surfaces improves drainage, helping maintain the road’s structural integrity and eliminating water puddles, he said. Keeping truck tires dry can avoid some repair costs because wet tires are more susceptible to cuts.

Rough haul roads also increase the risk of tire and vehicle damage caused by rock that has fallen off the bed of a bouncing truck. A smooth road allows full truck loads to reach the crusher without scattering rock along the way.

Wheel loaders can accomplish some haul road maintenance, but, because that is really outside their design application, it is not the most efficient use of that production loading tool. For heavily used haul roads, a motor grader provides the most effective maintenance.

At least five companies market medium to large motor graders suitable for a quarry environment. Table 2 lists the smallest and largest grader models offered by each company and some selected specifications.

Caterpillar manufacturers 10 grader models, including the largest machine available. Cat’s 24H, designed for large mine haul road maintenance, has a standard 24-ft blade and is powered with a 500-hp diesel engine.

Champion, which traces its grader roots to the 1870s, is now part of the Volvo Construction Equipment Group. Its Series VI 700 models, introduced in 1999, feature an improved blade-control systems that allows positioning of the blade up to 90 vertically on either side of the grader and up to 21 downward for profile cuts. The blade can be lowered 32 in. below ground level for deep cuts.

Komatsu America markets a line of smaller Galion motor graders - 144 to 204 hp - plus two larger models, up to 280 hp. The company recently introduced a new line of graders called Laterra. The three Laterra models - GD555A-3, GD655A-3 and GD675A-3 - range in operating weight from 30,525 to 34,390 lb and in horsepower from 140 to 180 hp.

The Laterra models have a dual-mode transmission that allows the operator to move from torque converter to direct drive mode by the flick of a switch. They also have variable-displacement pumps and load-sensing systems to provide better speed and responsiveness from hydraulic components, the company said.

Graders lope, or bounce, because of natural vibration. Grader design, tire size and air pressure, weight distribution on each axle, road surface profile and speed all determine the vibration frequency, according to Bridgestone/Firestone Off-Road Tire Co. (Rock Products, "Maintaining smooth haul roads: the ups, downs, ins and outs of road grader loping," Nov. 1996).

BFOR conducted tests, independently and with equipment manufacturers, that identified several causes of loping and some ways to reduce the problem.

- Out-of-round wheel assemblies - deflate tire, rotate 180 on rim and remount.

- Flat spots on tires - warm up tires by running unloaded for a short time before starting work. If flat spot is cause by tire damage, rotate or replace the tire.

- Uneven tire wear - rotate or replace tires.

- Improper weight distribution - field tests indicate that graders should carry 30% of their weight on the front tires; 70% on the rear. Check weight distribution with attachments and readjust to 30/70, if possible.

- Improper tires - match tire size and type to equipment and conditions. Larger tires at lower inflation pressures may reduce loping, but can change the effective transmission ratio.

- Tire pressure not matched to load - match cold tire inflation pressures to specifications for each tire’s actual load.

http://rockproducts.com/mag/rock_motor_graders_production/

Today’s motor-grader market offers more choice and more technically advanced machines than ever before.

Although Caterpillar did intensive preparatory homework, we’d still bet that you could have almost heard the company take a corporate deep breath just before deciding to design its new M-Series motor graders without conventional controls, that is, less the two banks of control levers that flank the steering wheel — and, yes, less even the steering wheel. Replacing all those familiar controls are but two multi-function joysticks. Caterpillar’s big news, however, is only the most recent in a string of major announcements regarding motor-grader refinement and new-model introductions. Motor-grader manufacturers have been busy.

In April, for example, Volvo officially introduced its seven new G900-Series machines, which reflect an absolutely new design, compared to their B-Series predecessors, and feature an industry first — an optional 11-speed transmission. And earlier this year, Terex added four torque-converter-drive motor graders to its product mix. Then, going back little more than a year, Deere replaced its C-Series range with significantly redesigned D-Series machines, including two new models larger than any the company has yet offered.

Preceding all this activity was Komatsu’s introduction of its Laterra Series, which features machines that have both a torque-converter-drive mode and a direct-drive mode. Other significant motor-grader news in the past 24 months or so has included LeeBoy’s introduction of its largest machine ever, the 25,000-pound 785, Champion’s redesign of its C80C and C86C, plus Huber’s refinement of its Maintainer into the new D-Series M-850. By our reckoning, not counting Caterpillar’s H-Series models (some of which will remain available until mid-2007), motor-grader buyers now have more than 60 model choices in today’s market.

This resurgence in motor-grader design refinement may have received impetus from the market turnaround that took hold in 2004. After a down cycle that lasted for the best part of five years, sales numbers began to climb that year — and are now projected to grow moderately for the next several years from the current annual global-market total of 7,000 to 8,000 units. North America remains the largest market for motor graders, consuming about half the annual total.

Power-train refinement

When preparing the specification chart for this report, we noted with interest the variation in drive-train design reflected in today’s motor graders, namely, the use of hydrostatic transmissions, direct-drive powershift transmissions, and powershift transmissions with torque converters.

What the specifications show is that machines on the small end of the weight scale are generally hydrostatically driven, the largest hydrostatics being the PSI MG618 and MG622 models, which weigh in at about 18,500 and 23,000 pounds, respectively. But not all smaller units are hydrostatic. The Noram 65E Turbo, for instance, at 16,800 pounds and 110 horsepower, uses a powershift transmission with a torque converter.

Although hydrostatic drive may be the most cost-effective design for smaller units, manufacturers using the technology say that the drive system provides exceptional low-speed performance and control, compared with controlling a powershift transmission with an inching pedal and brake.

According to the chart, 15 models use hydrostatic drive, 31 use a direct-drive powershift, and another 15 use a powershift in conjunction with a torque converter. According to Komatsu, its Laterra Series models, in the four lower gears, provide either torque-converter-drive or direct-drive (when the converter is locked). This system, says the company, takes into account that one or the other of the drive modes may yield better performance in a given situation.

Direct-drive systems, however, are becoming friendlier, as evidenced by the new Deere, Volvo and Caterpillar transmission systems that allow directional changes without using the inching pedal. Many direct-drive powershift systems also incorporate an "auto-shift" feature, which relieves the operator of tiresome shifting in operations that require going up and down through the gears. And Volvo, with its optional 11-speed powershift, makes the point that smaller steps between gears allows the operator to more easily find the most efficient torque/speed combination for a given situation.

Front-wheel-assist systems also are becoming friendlier, in terms of allowing the operator more control. Deere’s D-Series system, for instance, allows the operator (as do other systems) to dial in how aggressively the front wheels pull, and it also allows the operator to adjust the inching-pedal mode to either engage the front wheels simultaneously with the tandem, or to delay engagement until the tandem has taken hold. The Cat M-Series models and the Volvo G900-Series models that are equipped with all-wheel drive feature a front-wheel-drive-only mode for use in situations requiring precise control.

And to complement drive-train refinement, the variable-horsepower feature, available with engines in certain motor-grader models, also is being refined. According to manufacturers offering the variable-horsepower feature, its purpose is to provide custom power and torque curves for certain gears or gear groups in order to more effectively match machine performance to the application. For example, Volvo’s new system provides three power ranges and uses a speed/power switch to limit maximum rpm in the two lower ranges. Caterpillar’s new variable-horsepower system, standard on the M-Series, delivers additional horsepower in 5-hp increments as transmission gear selection increases.

More control, easy service

Generalizing about the implement hydraulic systems on today’s motor graders, we’d say that more systems are being designed to provide enhanced efficiency, better multi-function operation and reduced hydraulic effort at the control levers — the latter benefit also complemented by levers that may be closer together and have shorter throws than previous designs. To gain these advantages, some larger machines are now using pressure-compensated/load-sensing systems that incorporate variable-displacement pumps.

Although these variable-flow systems are extremely efficient, there’s always a danger in touting their advantages, lest simpler systems be perceived as inferior. That’s not the intent here (nor the truth), because constant-flow systems also have been refined for greater efficiency and controllability, and in some instances are the most cost-effective choicefor smaller machines.

Another focus of today’s motor-grader design is the geometry of the moldboard and draft frame. By adjusting the angles at the moldboard’s cutting edge and at its top radius, for example, material entering the blade can be made to start rolling sooner and to encounter less resistance as it moves up and across the blade. Less resistance means that the grader moves more smoothly through the cut and uses less horsepower (and less fuel) in the process. Among draft-frame changes, some manufacturers have adjusted this component upward, thus increasing the free space between the top of the moldboard and the bottom of the circle to minimize plugging in sticky material.

Another basic observation about today’s graders is their enhanced serviceability. This includes everything from advanced electronic diagnostic systems, to centralized lubrication banks, to ground level, one-side access to routine service points.

But of special note are new systems for maintaining the adjustment of the draft frame, circle and moldboard. In some instances, for example, moldboard shims have been eliminated, and in other systems, easy access to circle wear inserts allows changing these components in a couple of hours. As more motor graders are fitted with automated grade-control systems, of course, keeping the moldboard and its related support systems in adjustment has become critical.

And one final thought that brings us full circle to the use of joystick controllers. Reliable market intelligence tells us that at least one other motor-grader manufacturer has prototype machines running with joysticks. But, all you seasoned operators can relax. Motor graders are still best operated by experienced hands, whether those hands are gripping joysticks or conventional controls.

Motor-Grader Specifications Max. HP (net) Weight (lb.) Trans. Type* Speeds** Fwd/Rev

*P = Powershift
H = Hydrostatic
P/TC = Powershift w/ torque converter
**Speed ranges for hydrostatics
***Caterpillar’s new 14M will be available 4th Quarter, 2006. Subsequent M-Series models likely will be available in 1st and 2nd Quarters, 2007.
****Volvo offers both an 8-speed and an 11-speed powershift transmission.
Basic Equipment
601	49.5	7,300	H	2/2
Case
845	140	29,777	P	8/4
865	169	32,077	P	8/4
865DHP	190	32,077	P	8/4
885	205	37,950	P	8/4
Caterpillar***
120M	160	30,640	P	8/6
12M	180	31,895	P	8/6
140M	200	33,235	P	8/6
160M	230	35,030	P	8/6
14M	280	46,930	P	8/6
16M	320	57,510	P	8/6
24M	510	137,695	P/TC	6/3
120H	140	27,880	P	8/8
135H	155	28,840	P	8/8
12H	185	31,320	P	8/8
140H	205	32,360	P	8/8
143H	205	33,670	P	8/8
160H	220	34,560	P	8/8
163H	220	35,890	P	8/8
14H	240	41,010	P	8/8
16H	285	54,350	P	8/8
24H	500	136,610	P/TC	6/3
Champion
C60B	80	12,800	H	2/2
C66B	80	13,400	H	2/2
C70B	80	13,050	H	2/2
C80C	80	15,000	H	2/2
C86C	110	15,500	H	2/2
Changlin
PY165H	165	31,526	P/TC	6/3
PY190H	190	33,069	P/TC	6/3
PY220H	220	34,172	P/TC	6/3
Deere
670D	185	32,010	P	8/8
672D	185	33,630	P	8/8
770D	215	32,670	P	8/8
772D	230	34,280	P	8/8
870D	235	34,750	P	8/8
872D	245	36,210	P	8/8
Flannegan Western
Model FW	65	6,000	H	2/2
Huber
M-850-D	80	9,380	H	2/2
Intensus
GR180	180	33,951	P	6/3
GR215	215	37,478	P	6/3
Komatsu
GD555-3	140	30,950	P/TC	8/4
GD555-3 VHP	160	30,950	P/TC	8/4
GD655-3	165	33,069	P/TC	8/4
GD655-3 VHP	190	33,069	P/TC	8/4
GD675-3	180	34,854	P/TC	8/4
GD675-3 VHP	200	34,854	P/TC	8/4
GD825A-2E	280	58,250	P/TC	8/8
LeeBoy
635	47	6,750	H	2/2
685B	110	15,200	H	2/2
785	130	25,300	P	6/3
New Holland
G140	140	29,777	P	8/4
G170	170	32,077	P	8/4
G170 VHP	200	32,077	P	8/4
G200	200	37,950	P	8/4
NorAm
65E Turbo	110	16,800	P/TC	6/3
PSI
M406XT	65	6,850	H	2/2
M413	133	12,650	H	2/2
M413XT	133	13,220	H	2/2
MG618	133	18,590	H	2/2
MG622	133	22,840	H	2/2
Terex
TG110`	132	25,353	P/TC	6/3
TG150	163	31,967	P/TC	6/3
TG190	176	41,226	P/TC	6/3
TG210	229	46,297	P/TC	6/3
Volvo****
G930	195	34,300	P	8/4—11/6
G940	215	35,200	P	8/4—11/6
G946	235	36,700	P	8/4—11/6
G960	235	36,800	P	8/4—11/6
G970	250	39,900	P	8/4—11/6
G976	265	40,500	P	8/4—11/6
G990	265	46,300	P	8/4—11/6

Average List Prices and Hourly Rates HP Range List Price Hourly Rate*

* Hourly rate equals monthly rate divided by 176, plus operating cost. Unit prices include: fuel @ $2.49 per gallon; mechanic’s wage @ $40.18 per hour; and cost of money @ 5.125 percent.
74 & less	$63,000	$32.18
75–114	$92,897	$40.58
115–129	$178,622	$50.03
130–144	$185,576	$51.30
145–169	$241,258	$63.20
170–199	$257,245	$69.18
200–249	$299,498	$79.49
250 & more	$465,178	$124.83

http://www.constructionequipment.com/article/CA6366005.html?taxid=7858

Caterpillar announces the new, seven-model lineup of M-Series Motor Graders. The new machines feature a number of revolutionary concepts in motor grader design-most notably a pair of joysticks replacing as many as 15 levers and a steering wheel. Because of the many control inputs required and the precision work performed by motor graders, they are widely regarded as the most difficult of all earthmoving machines to operate. Caterpillar designed the M-Series joystick control system to make the motor grader easier to learn and less fatiguing.

The M-Series design didn’t stop at the operator station. Caterpillar applied for more than 100 new patents while developing the new motor graders, and the new graders include about 30 percent new content. New features include dynamic styling that opens up lines of sight, easy adjustment of the drawbar, circle and moldboard (DCM), a high torque all-wheel-drive system, enhanced power management and emissions-compliant Cat® C-Series engines with ACERT(TM) Technology.

The M-Series Motor Graders will replace the 10 H-Series models as the new machines are released starting in the fourth quarter of this year and concluding in mid year 2007. The new models include the 120M, 12M, 140M, 160M, 14M, 16M and 24M. The 120M, 140M and 160M will offer an all-wheel-drive option for improved traction in poor underfoot conditions, such as snow, mud and sand, and for added steering and sidedraft control.

Joystick control simplifies work, opens lines of sight
The new M-Series joystick-operated electro-hydraulic control system simplifies motor grader control and reduces operator arm and hand movements by as much as 78 percent. The pair of three-axis joysticks are built for comfort and low-effort operation, and they feature a logical and intuitive control pattern. The system helps operators sustain high levels of efficiency throughout the work day, and the intuitive control design makes training fast and simple-for both new and experienced operators.

The new control system opens up the interior of the cab and provides excellent lines of sight to the DCM and snow wing area. The cab doors are angled and the floor is tapered to provide an unobstructed line of sight to the front tires, the heel and toe of the blade and the DCM. In addition to changes inside the cab, the sloping, tapered engine enclosure opens lines of sight to the ripper. To reduce glare, the M-Series machines have black paint on the top surfaces of the front frame, blade lift cylinders and engine enclosure.

Easier DCM maintenance
Top-accessible drawbar wear inserts and patented, easy-to-adjust, bi-directional moldboard slide rail wear strips make DCM adjustments much faster and more convenient. Shorter service times reduce owning and operating costs.

By removing the access plates located on the top of the drawbar, a mechanic can maintain the circle by adding shims for wear strip adjustment or by replacing the wear strips when they are worn out. Changes to the moldboard retention system and the slide rail wear inserts make moldboard service much easier by eliminating the need for shims. The new bi-directional slide rail shoes allow adjustment up and down as well as fore and aft. The adjustment eliminates moldboard chatter.

High torque all-wheel-drive
The M-Series all-wheel-drive option delivers 42 percent more torque than the H-Series system. The M-Series uses dedicated left and right pumps, which allow independent control of hydraulic flow to each front wheel hydrostatic motor. To compensate for hydraulic power demand, the engine automatically delivers additional horsepower to provide constant net power to the ground.

Through an electronic control module, front wheel speeds can be controlled automatically. The benefit of varying the outside and inside wheel speeds, known as steering compensation, is full torque through an entire turn. In poor underfoot conditions, this system allows a shorter turning radius.

The M-Series all-wheel-drive system also features a new front-wheel only hydrostatic mode for precision low-speed performance. This mode provides infinite front wheel speed control from 0 to 5 miles per hour for enhanced control when working in tight areas, such as cul-de-sacs.

Advanced power management
Variable horsepower (VHP) is now standard on all M-Series models, and Variable Horsepower Plus is optional. The M-Series power management system delivers additional horsepower in 5 horsepower increments as the transmission gear selection increases. The result is a smooth power curve that allows M-Series machines to carry heavy loads while downshifting.

The previous system delivered an extra 20 horsepower in gears 4 through 8, and VHP Plus added another 20 horsepower in gears 7 and 8. Smaller increments throughout the gear range provide predictable power that operators prefer. With more rim pull available in all gears, M-Series machines are more productive than their H-Series predecessors.

New engines and drive train
Cat C-Series engines with ACERT(TM) Technology enable the M-Series motor graders to meet U.S. EPA Tier 3 and EU Stage IIIa emissions regulations. The C-Series engines have been proven in highway truck applications and a wide range of earthmoving equipment. ACERT(TM) Technology enables Cat engines to supply more power per unit of displacement while retaining the reliability and durability that customers expect from Caterpillar.

The M-Series motor graders also have many new drive train features. The new machines have a bolt-on modular rear axle. The new axle module allows the axle and both tandem cases to be dropped down for servicing, which reduces service time.

All M-Series models except the 24M feature a direct-drive countershaft transmission. Electronic Clutch Pressure Control makes gear-to-gear as well as forward/reverse shifts smoother and prolongs the life of all drive train components.

Basic Specifications for M-Series Motor Graders
	
	Operating Weight	Power	        Blade Length
	
120M	29,000 lb (13 150 kg)	125 hp (93 kW)	12 ft 0 in. (3.66 m)
	
12M	31,000 lb (14 060 kg)	145 hp (108 kW)	12 ft 0 in. (3.66 m)
	
140M	32,500 lb (14 740 kg)	165 hp (123 kW)	12 ft 0 in. (3.66 m)
	
160M	35,000 lb (15 870 kg)	195 hp (145 kW)	14 ft 0 in. (4.27 m)
	
14M	44,400 lb (20 240 kg)	230 hp (172 kW)	14 ft 0 in. (4.27 m)
	
16M	55,000 lb (24 950 kg)	285 hp (213 kW)	16 ft 0 in. (4.88 m)
	
24M	145,000 lb (65 770 kg)	500 hp (373 kW)	24 ft 0 in. (7.32 m)
	
http://news.thomasnet.com/fullstory/489983/3281

Volvo Motor Graders, located in Goderich, Ontario, Canada, a division of Volvo Construction Equipment produces motor graders used in applications throughout the world.  With customers and other Volvo group companies located around the world, it is imperative that we are able to effectively communicate with all of these partners in a timely manner.  The Volvo group’s core values are: Quality, Safety and the Care for the Environment – we will explain how Reform allows us to address two of these three areas.

Volvo Motor Graders uses SAP to manage all aspects of the companies business – from purchasing to account management.  One of the key documents that Volvo Motor Graders uses to communicate with other Volvo group companies and customers is the ‘Customer Account Statement’.  With a mandate of constant improvement,  Reform software was enlisted to improve communications as well as saving time and effort.

In the legacy process of generating and sending out customer statements, an accounting clerk would first print hard copies of the statements generated by SAP. Then the statements were sorted and grouped together by hand to make scanning and sending them easier.  The clerk would then take the sorted statements to a networked photocopier and scan each and every page of every statement and e-mail the resulting PDF file back  to their own e-mail account. After completing  these tasks, the clerk would then return to their desk, review and forward each statement to the appropriate customer via e-mail.  As one could imagine this was a very time consuming and labour intensive process – all in all a costly solution.

Volvo Motor Graders implemented the Reform package to assist in distributing the customers account statement and the process changed dramatically.  Now, an accounting clerk simply has to print the customer statements to a new print queue setup in SAP and their job is finished.  All sorting, processing and e-mailing is handled in the background by Reform, unattended by the user.   Using a conservative estimate, the total process is reduced to 5 to 10 minutes duration from approximately 3 hours using the old process.  Using these numbers, the cost of labour is reduced by more then 90%.

Key benefits to Volvo Motor Graders in this application:

1. More then 90% savings in the cost of labour.

2. This frees the accounting clerks time to perform other tasks.
3. Increase in the consistency of the statements – previously if the pages were  scanned incorrectly or the statements were unintentionally mixed up, the resulting PDF file would not look as professional as it could be. This addresses one of Volvo’s core values – Quality.
4. The whole process is simplified – with simple instructions, any accounting clerk can now complete the task.  Again, this addresses the core value of Quality.
5. Reduction in the cost/usage of paper and toner.  This is the second of Volvo’s core values that are addressed – Care for the Environment

http://www.fabsoft.com/products/reform/misc/successes/SAP/volvo.shtml

Productivity Innovative Event-Based-Shifting (EBS) automatically senses the load and adjusts clutch pack engagement accordingly for smooth shifts and direction changes without touching the inching pedal. Tier-II certified PowerTech™ Deere diesels deliver best-in-class low-rpm torque. Blade shape, throat clearance, and draft frame geometry enhancements improve material flow across the blade and make on-the-go circle adjustments easier. Available 6-wheel drive models employ a dual-path hydrostatic drive system that delivers exceptional control, responsiveness, and extra power to the ground to move more material. Comfort Redesigned cabs have 26 percent more space and 40 percent more glass, for increased comfort and unsurpassed all-around visibility. At 72 dBa, it provides best-in-class quietness, too. Highly efficient HVAC system moves more air and provides better cooling. Eleven directional vents help keep the cab comfortable and the view clear. Best-in-class lever efforts and PCLS hydraulics ensure consistent response, feel, and precise control in all conditions. Enhanced steering requires 20-percent fewer turns. EBS provides the smoothest shifts in the industry, reducing upper body fatigue and inching pedal use. Available cruise control eliminates the need for a foot-actuated throttle lock. Uptime/Low Daily Operating Costs Super-tough nylon or bronze heavy-duty circle, blade, and draft frame inserts minimize wear and never need greasing. Unlike other graders that require far more effort and expertise, circle wear inserts are quick and easy to replace. Large service doors open wide, and same-side daily service points are conveniently grouped for quick, ground-level access. 500-hour engine oil and filter service intervals let you go longer between changes You won’t find any air tanks to bleed on a Deere grader. Inboard wet-disc brakes are virtually maintenance-free. Advanced diagnostic monitor displays easy-to-understand information to help minimize downtime. http://www.cableprice.co.nz/Equipment/JohnDeere/Graders/770D/index.aspx

The motor grader was introduced to the Caterpillar family in 1930. Today, Caterpillar motor graders range from 25,000 lbs to 136,600 lbs with horsepowers from 125 to 500.

The Caterpillar Motor Grader is the market leader in your industry today, and is designed to provide you with unequalled life, maintenance costs, and resale value.

Some of the many uses of the motor grader:

• Road Maintenance
• Snow Plowing & Winging
• V Ditching
• Ditch Shoulder Clean Up
• Banking Slopes
• Windrow Mixing
• Cul-de-sac Work

Four Wheel Drive

Model Engine Base Power (all gears) Net Blade Width 12H C-9 DITA ATAAC 108 kW (145 hp) 3.66 m (12 ft) 14H 3176 DITA ATAAC Variable HP 164 kW (220 hp) 4.27 m (14 ft) 16H 3406 TA 205 kW (275 hp) 4.88 m (16 ft) 120H 3116 N/A 3.658 m (12 ft) 135H 3116 101 kW (135 hp) 3.658 m (12 ft) 140H 3176 DITA ATAAC Variable HP 123 kW (165 hp) 3.66 m (12 ft) 160H 3176 DITA ATAAC Variable HP 134 kW (180 hp) 4.27 m (14 ft)

All Wheel Drive
Model Engine Base Power (all gears) Net VHP (gears 1-3) Net 143H 3306 123 kW (165 hp) 123 kW (165 hp) 163H 3306 TA 134 kW (180 hp) 134 kW (180 hp)

Mining
Model Engine Base Power (all gears) Net VHP (gears 1-3) Net Blade Width 16H 3406 TA 205 kW (275 hp) 205 kW (275 hp) 4.88 m (16 ft) 24H 3412E N/A 373 kW (500 hp) 7.3 kph (24 mph)

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With Caterpillar Motor Graders you can:

Lower Owning & Operating Costs

Durable components provide long machine life Cat engine, transmission and hydraulic system work together for efficient and economic use of fuel Cat lubricating fluids and filters reduce component wear Balanced powertrain and driveline components prolong tire life Cat XT-hose is built for the rigors of motor grader applications Finning can further reduce your costs with Customer Support Agreements, Preventive Maintenance Programs and Scheduled Oil Sampling.

Lower Repair Costs

Modular design means components can be removed and installed without affecting other systems Cat Reman parts are available with new part warranties at up to 70% savings over new

Higher Resale Value

Proven Caterpillar machine quality has resulted in the highest resale value for used machines. Resale differences of up to 200% are not uncommon

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